Why are lithium batteries flammable and explosive? How should it be used safely?12v 8ah AGM replacement battery BatteryWith the continuous development of lithium battery technology, Custom lithium battery pack is widely used in many fields such as consumer electronics, electric bicycles and other mobile products, electric vehicles and energy storage solutions.However, if there is insufficient safety awareness and improper handling during use, storage, disposal, etc., Custom lithium battery pack will become a “ticking time bomb.”Generally speaking, the safety problems of lithium-ion batteries mainly manifest themselves as combustion or even explosion.Lithium batteries are both flammable materials and sources of ignition. Once collision, extrusion, overcharge, short circuit, etc. occur, it can easily cause fires, explosions and other safety accidents, resulting in casualties.

The root cause of these problems lies in thermal runaway inside the battery.

After the thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery, the decomposed flammable gas mixes with air to form an explosive mixed gas. When encountering the high-temperature particles ejected from the lithium battery, deflagration will occur in a local space, resulting in an explosion sound in the early stages of a fire.The characteristics of custom lithium battery pack fires: fast ignition, long duration, high combustion temperature, difficulty in extinguishing, spontaneous combustion or even explosion for a long time.

Causes of lithium battery fire and explosion

Lithium batteries mainly rely on the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to achieve the charging and discharging process. From a principle point of view, the main factors that cause lithium battery explosions are overcharging and short circuits.Overcharging mainly occurs during the charging process of lithium batteries. Due to the resistance of the battery, the battery will accumulate a large amount of heat during the charging process. The protection device in lithium batteries can provide a certain degree of protection against overcharge by detecting voltage.However, when the overcharge time is too long and the voltage continues to be too high, dendritic short circuits are likely to occur inside the lithium-ion battery, causing the temperature and pressure of the lithium battery to continue to rise, resulting in the risk of explosion and fire.Short circuit mainly occurs during the use of lithium batteries. When the lithium battery is in use, its own temperature will continue to rise, and the battery also maintains normal heat dissipation.If the battery temperature is too high due to external factors, it will easily cause damage to the battery separator and cause a short circuit, which will cause excessive internal heat accumulation, trigger a chain chemical reaction, and cause the battery to explode and burn.According to statistics from the emergency management department, in the first quarter of 2023 alone, the spontaneous combustion rate of new energy vehicles increased by 32%, with an average of 8 new energy vehicles catching fire (including spontaneous combustion) every day.

Lithium battery safety tips

Custom Lithium Battery Pack 3.7V 45AhLithium battery safety tipsPurchase regular and qualified lithium battery products and tools.When lithium battery products and tools are not in use, try to remove the batteries and store them separately.Li ion customized battery packs should avoid being stored in humid, high-temperature locations, and should be kept away from flammable and combustible materials.After the lithium battery is fully charged, the power supply should be disconnected promptly and do not be charged continuously for a long time.Do not squeeze or drop lithium battery products and tools during daily use.

Lithium battery fire fighting tools

When a lithium battery catches fire, a dry powder fire extinguisher can only extinguish the surrounding flames, but cannot effectively prevent the lithium battery from thermal runaway. Water or water-based fire extinguishers are the first choice for emergency response to lithium battery fires.The basic principle of dry powder fire extinguisher is chemical suppression. It can generally extinguish solid fires, and can also extinguish incipient fires of flammable liquids, combustible gases and electrical equipment. Although dry powder fire extinguishers can extinguish open flames under initial circumstances, dry powder fire extinguishers cannot reduce the temperature inside lithium batteries. At this time, the internal temperature of the lithium battery is still very high, and the internal chemical reaction continues. After the heat is accumulated, it is easy to reignite or even explode.Water/water-based fire extinguishers can not only eliminate open flames, but also have a certain cooling effect, so they are the first choice for emergency treatment of lithium battery pack fires.Key points: The method of extinguishing fires with water/water-based fire extinguishers is suitable for lithium batteries with relatively low voltage, because there is no risk of electric shock. If a lithium battery plugged into AC catches fire, be sure to unplug the power before watering. Otherwise, there will not only be a risk of electric shock, but also a secondary fire caused by the electrolysis of water by 220V AC.

Lithium battery fire fighting

1. Disconnect or remove external power from the fire equipment. Immediately and continuously saturate the electronic device on fire with water or other non-flammable liquid. This action lowers the temperature of the lithium battery cell core and blocks heat dissipation. It also prevents adjacent battery cells from catching fire.
2. If the device was previously connected to an electrical outlet, unplug the power from all remaining electrical outlets. This step is crucial until the system is confirmed to be fault-free. Do not attempt to move burning or smoking electronic equipment. Such actions can lead to serious personal injury.
3. Do not cover or attempt to lower the temperature with ice. This method of isolating the equipment will prevent the heat from being dissipated in a short period of time. In turn, this increases the risk of further damage or fire.

If you have any question, please feel free to contact us:

• Name: Dawn Zeng (Director)
• E-mail address: sales@himaxelectronics.com

Let me introduce 18650 lithium-ion battery pack production process

(1) Bake

• Baking for 12 hours under constant temperature and vacuum degree of -0.09MPa, the important purpose is to dry the moisture of the battery.

 

(2) Liquid injection

• The battery cell after vacuum baking is injected into the glove box filled with Ar gas, the amount of liquid injection is different according to the design of the 18650 lithium ion battery pack. The battery should be weighed before and after injection, the weight difference is the amount of liquid injection, so as to judge whether the amount of liquid injection is appropriate.

 

(3) Welding pole lug

• The positive pole lug (aluminum bar) and negative pole lug (nickel bar) are respectively welded in the scraping position of the positive and negative pole plates by ultrasonic welding machine. Pay attention to prevent welding deviation, welding dislocation, virtual welding.

 

(4) Bottom welding

• First put the insulation gasket into the steel shell, then put the wound core into the steel shell, and weld the negative lug to the bottom of the steel shell with a spot welding machine. Check the outer surface of the bottom of the steel shell, pick out the bad appearance of yellow, black, defects, and fire, and try to pull the pole ear. Pick the 18650 lithium ion battery pack that is not well welded, such as fire, virtual welding, and de-welding.

(5) Seal

• The steel shell and cap of the 18650 lithium ion battery pack are spot-welded with a spot welding machine, and then the laser welding machine is used for continuous laser welding. Laser welding should ensure that the positioning is accurate, the welding part is clean. It is strictly prohibited to cause deformation or damage to the battery, after welding inspection, welding holes, fire and other bad batteries.

 

(6) Winding

• The ion exchange film is placed on the winding needle horizontally, and the end of the winding needle is extended 2-5mm. The four corners of the pole film cannot be creased, the pole film cannot drop material, the adhesive tape is slanted, the single-sided adhesive tape is too long, the double-sided adhesive tape is misaligned, the adhesive tape is not covered by the solder joint and other defects. The positive electrode material must hold the negative electrode material, the pole film cannot be rolled off, and the front end of the pole film must be inserted to the top.

 

If you have any question, please feel free to contact us:

Name: Dawn Zeng (Director)

E-mail address: sales@himaxelectronics.com

Li ion customized battery packs are designed to meet the needs of many devices whose battery packs have become a key component in the evolution of technology. Not only does it provide excellent performance, but it is also highly customizable, giving your device a whole new lease of life.

Customized to meet individual needs

The li ion customized battery packs are characterized by their highly personalized design. No matter how much power your device needs and how long it lasts, we can provide a battery pack that meets your needs. From miniature devices to large appliances, from smartphones to game consoles, our battery packs are easily adaptable. In addition, we also provide a variety of specifications of battery packs for you to choose, to meet your different needs.

High performance, long life

Li ion customized battery packs are made of high quality lithium-ion batteries with excellent energy density and long life. Our custom lithium battery pack undergo strict quality control and testing to ensure stable performance, safety and reliability. In addition, we offer an intelligent charge management system that can effectively extend battery life and reduce the risk of battery damage.

Safe design, worry-free use

Safety is the primary consideration of our products. Li ion customized battery pack is designed with fireproof materials and overheating protection to ensure that it will not cause any damage to the equipment in case of accidents. In addition, our battery packs are protected against overcharge, overdischarge and overcurrent to ensure the safety of the battery and equipment.

Fourth, fast delivery, quality service

We promise to deliver the battery pack to you in the shortest possible time. No matter where you are, as long as you need, we will be happy to serve you. In addition, we also provide high quality after-sales service, if you encounter any problems in the process of using, we will solve them as soon as possible.

All in all, li ion customized battery pack is a highly personalized battery pack that can meet your different usage needs, providing excellent performance and long life. Whether you are a professional or a regular user, we will provide you with the best service and product experience. Customize your own battery pack today and give your device a new lease of life!

 

If you have any question, please feel free to contact us:

• Name: Dawn Zeng (Director)
• E-mail address: sales@himaxelectronics.com

Custom lithium battery pack is mainly composed of electrolyte, separator, positive electrode material and negative electrode material. As one of the four key materials in lithium battery manufacturing, electrolyte is the medium for lithium ion migration and charge transfer, and is known as the “blood” of lithium batteries.

As an important component of custom lithium battery pack, electrolyte additives have a direct and significant impact on the performance of lithium batteries. Therefore, improving the functional role of electrolyte additives in lithium batteries is an important way to improve the performance of lithium batteries. 1. Electrolyte additive VC This additive has the characteristics of small dosage and significant effect. It can significantly improve the performance of lithium batteries without increasing production costs and changing the production process. In high-energy-density lithium iron phosphate batteries, electrolyte additives are used as auxiliary materials. They were previously added in small amounts and accounted for less than 8% of the electrolyte additive cost structure. The average market price of VC electrolyte additives fell.

The sharp increase in VC prices at the end of 2021 is due to the imbalance of supply and demand and the sudden increase in customer demand. As the capacity utilization rate of VC manufacturers increases, the supply side has increased. VC manufacturers may have stocked up before, but now they have shipped, so the price has dropped.

Electrolyte additive DTD

• Introduction to DTD (vinyl sulfate)

DTD (vinyl sulfate) is a film-forming additive for SEI. The addition ratio of iron lithium is less than 1%, and the ternary addition ratio is less than 3%. At present, the preparation of DTD mainly uses sulfoxide chloride and ethylene glycol as raw materials.

• Market size

Ternary batteries have higher energy density, but the disadvantage is poor thermal stability. DTD can improve the high-temperature cycle and high-temperature storage performance of the battery, and reduce battery expansion after being placed at high temperatures. Therefore, the research report believes that a higher proportion of DTD needs to be added to ternary batteries. DTD is a relatively new additive, mainly added to ternary lithium, but the proportion of lithium iron phosphate has exceeded that of ternary lithium. Therefore, the compound annual growth rate of DTD is still conservatively estimated at 20%.

• DTD market price

Since 2018, the market supply of vinyl sulfate has increased, so the price of vinyl sulfate has dropped accordingly. The current unit price is about 230,000 yuan/ton.

The study predicts unit prices will fall by 10% annually. The price of ethylene sulfate continues to decline from 2019 to 2021. The main reasons are:

Improve the vinyl sulfate production process and reduce costs.

The top five battery electrolyte companies continue to deploy upstream raw materials, driving the price of ethylene sulfate downward.

The price of ethylene sulfate rebounded from January to March 2022. The price increased mainly due to the boom in the downstream electric vehicle industry and the tight supply and demand of upstream raw materials.

 

Scale of electrolyte additive industry

Industry development status quo

The development of global electrolyte additives is deeply affected by the development of the custom lithium battery pack industry. Major lithium battery producing countries have been affected to varying degrees, resulting in a slowdown in the growth rate of lithium battery production, which in turn affects the market demand for electrolyte additives.

Power batteries are the largest downstream application area for electrolyte additives. Benefiting from the development of the electric vehicle industry, my country’s demand for power batteries continues to grow, driving the development of lithium battery electrolytes.

China’s lithium battery electrolyte market continues to grow. The market size of electrolyte is proportionally related to the production of lithium batteries. The increase in demand for lithium batteries has driven the market size of electrolyte additives to continue to rise.

With the continuous expansion of the scale of the lithium battery industry and electric vehicles and the improvement of battery safety, cycle life and energy density requirements, more requirements have been put forward for electrolyte additives. Charge protection, improved low-temperature performance, etc. will gradually be enhanced.

Supply side

The global output of electrolyte additives is growing steadily, and Chinese companies are the absolute main force in the additive industry. In the future, new additive production capacity will largely depend on the expansion of Chinese companies. Among battery companies, Guangzhou Tyker Energy is a professional lithium battery seller.

Electrolyte additives replace risk factors

① Hydrogen battery

A hydrogen fuel cell is a battery that uses hydrogen element to store energy. Its basic principle is the reverse reaction of water electrolysis. Compared with lithium batteries, hydrogen fuel cells have the following advantages: low energy conversion consumption.

The hydrogenation speed is faster than the charging speed, which is more in line with the needs of long-term efficient transportation. It has no pollution to the environment and basically achieves zero carbon emissions.

However, hydrogen fuel cells are still in the early stages of industrialization, and there are still many problems to be solved:

• The industrial chain is not yet mature and the cost is high.
• It is difficult to build hydrogen refueling stations.
• The construction cost of a hydrogen refueling station is generally more than three times that of a gas station, and is also higher than the construction cost of a charging station.
• Hydrogen is a dangerous, flammable and explosive gas. Early construction, safety management and later maintenance are difficult. It may also pose certain threats to vehicle safety during use.

Hydrogen fuel cells have the advantages of long cruising range and short charging time. It is one of the directions for the industrialization development of automobile companies.

It is expected that after the industrialization of hydrogen fuel cells in 2030, hydrogen fuel cells will coexist with other batteries, and a combination of hydrogen fuel cells and lithium batteries may occur.

②Solid-state lithium-ion battery

A solid-state lithium-ion battery is a battery that uses solid electrodes and solid electrolytes. Compared with lithium batteries, solid-state lithium-ion batteries have the following advantages:

• high energy density

Solid-state batteries directly use lithium metal as the negative electrode, which is light in weight and has high energy density, ensuring the durability of the vehicle.

• small size

Solid electrolyte additives replace the separator and electrolyte additives of traditional lithium batteries, making the battery thin, small, and light.

• High flexibility

The flexibility of solid-state batteries will also be significantly improved after thinning, ensuring that their performance does not decrease.

• High safety factor

Solid electrolyte additives are non-flammable and moisture-proof, and the battery safety factor is higher than traditional lithium batteries. As the core component of electric vehicles, the energy density and scale of batteries directly determine the cruising range of electric vehicles.

High energy density solid-state lithium batteries have broad application prospects, but solid-state lithium batteries still have the following development resistance:

• Low ionic conductivity

This blocks the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, resulting in reduced lithium ion transport speed and efficiency.

• Poor interface contact

The contact area between the solid electrolyte additive and the positive and negative electrodes is small, the interface impedance is large, and the battery cycle life and rate performance are poor, resulting in slow charging speed.

• expensive

Without a complete industrial chain to support commercialization, it is impossible to prepare large quantities of materials. Development is still relatively slow.

To sum up, hydrogen fuel cells and solid-state lithium-ion batteries have certain technical advantages. The world’s top 10 custom lithium battery pack companies and well-known car companies have made arrangements, and the development prospects are good. But it is limited by technical and cost pain points.

In the future, the battery industry is more likely to see technological parallelization. Consumer trends require future cars to be economical, safe and environmentally friendly. Both lithium batteries and fuel cells are deficient in their current supply. A combination of the two can complement each other.

Conclusion

Taken together, it is expected that the future market structure will be that liquid lithium-ion batteries coexist with other batteries, and each battery has its own application fields.

Liquid lithium-ion batteries are less likely to be replaced. Moreover, they are likely to maintain a considerable market space in the short term, and the market space for electrolyte additives such as VC and FEC will not be significantly compressed.

source:

https://www.tycorun.com/blogs/news/electrolyte-additive

If you have any question, please feel free to contact us:

• Name: Dawn Zeng (Director)
• E-mail address: sales@himaxelectronics.com