Where to recycle li ion batteries

Proper Disposal and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Guide

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries power a vast range of devices, from smartphones and laptops to electric vehicles and home energy storage systems. While they offer considerable benefits in terms of energy efficiency and usability, the end of their lifecycle poses significant environmental challenges. Proper recycling of Li-ion batteries is crucial not only for environmental protection but also for recovering valuable materials. This article explores where and how you can recycle Li-ion batteries and highlights the role of Himax Electronics in promoting sustainability.

Why Recycle Lithium-Ion Batteries?

Recycling Li-ion batteries helps mitigate the environmental impact of disposed electronics, including the reduction of hazardous waste and the conservation of natural resources. Batteries contain toxic substances such as cobalt, nickel, and lithium, which can harm the environment if not disposed of properly. Recycling helps:

Prevent Environmental Contamination: Keeping toxic materials out of landfills reduces soil and water pollution and protects wildlife.
Conserve Resources: Recycling recovers valuable materials from spent batteries, reducing the need to mine new materials and decreasing the environmental degradation associated with mining.
Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions: By recycling and reusing materials, we reduce the energy consumption and carbon emissions associated with producing new materials.

Where to Recolorle Lithium-Ion Batteries

Retail Drop-Offs:
1. Electronic Stores: Many electronics retailers offer battery recycling bins where consumers can drop off their used batteries at no cost. Stores like Best Buy, Staples, and others commonly provide this service.
2. Specialized Recycling Centers: Companies that specialize in electronic waste often have facilities that accept Li-ion batteries. These centers ensure that batteries are processed safely and materials are recovered properly.
Municipal Collection Sites:
1. Hazardous Waste Collection: Many municipalities offer designated days or facilities for the collection of hazardous waste, including Li-ion batteries. These programs ensure that batteries are handled safely and in compliance with local environmental regulations.
2. Recycling Events: Look out for community recycling events, which often include services for battery disposal. These events are advertised through local government channels.
Mail-In Programs:
1. Manufacturer Take-Back: Some battery manufacturers and brands offer mail-in recycling programs. Check the website of your battery’s manufacturer for specific details on how to send in your used batteries for recycling.
2. Non-Profit Initiatives: Organizations like Call2Recycle offer mail-in options where consumers can send their batteries for recycling, often free of charge.

How to Prepare Batteries for Recycling

Safety Precautions:
1. Tape the Terminals: Prevent accidental sparks by taping over the battery terminals with electrical tape.
2. Avoid Damage: Do not crush, puncture, or otherwise damage the battery as this could lead to dangerous chemical reactions.
Proper Packaging:
1. Non-Conductive Materials: When mailing batteries, ensure they are packed in non-conductive materials to prevent any risk of short-circuiting.

Himax Electronics: Advancing Sustainable Practices

Himax Electronics not only complies with but actively promotes recycling and sustainable practices:

Eco-Friendly Products:
1. Design for Recyclability: Himax designs batteries and devices to be easily recyclable, reducing environmental impact and making it simpler for consumers to recycle.
2. Use of Recycled Materials: Himax is committed to using recycled materials in their new products wherever possible, promoting a circular economy.
Consumer Education:
1. Awareness Campaigns: Himax runs educational campaigns to inform consumers about the importance of battery recycling and how to do it safely.
2. Partnerships with Recycling Programs: Himax collaborates with recycling initiatives to ensure their products are disposed of responsibly at the end of their lifecycle.

Certainly! Let’s expand further on the environmental benefits of lithium-ion battery recycling, the global impact of these practices, and how Himax Electronics facilitates these processes through its corporate strategies and technological innovations.

The Global Impact of Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries

Recycling lithium-ion batteries not only addresses local waste management issues but also has broader implications for global resource conservation and environmental sustainability. Here’s a deeper look into the impact and the international efforts to improve lithium-ion battery recycling.

Enhancing Global Resource Efficiency

Critical Material Recovery:
1. Valuable Metals: Lithium-ion batteries contain precious metals such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Efficient recycling processes recover these materials, significantly reducing the need for new mining activities, which are energy-intensive and environmentally damaging.
2. Supply Chain Sustainability: By recovering and reusing materials, manufacturers can stabilize supply chains and reduce vulnerabilities associated with the geopolitical complexities of mining in conflict zones.
Technological Advancements in Recycling:
1. Improved Recycling Techniques: Innovations in recycling technology have made the process more efficient, allowing for higher recovery rates of valuable materials. These advancements include better sorting mechanisms, enhanced chemical extraction processes, and more effective purification methods.
2. Automation in Recycling: Automation technology has been integrated into the recycling process, increasing the throughput and safety of recycling operations. This technology ensures consistent quality in the recovered materials, making them suitable for reuse in new batteries.

Encouraging Responsible Consumption and Production

Circular Economy Model:
1. From Linear to Circular: The traditional linear economy—take, make, dispose—is gradually being replaced by a circular economy model. In this model, products and materials are recycled and reused to create a closed-loop system, minimizing waste.
2. Lifecycle Extension: Through recycling, the lifecycle of the materials used in lithium-ion batteries is extended, maximizing their utility and minimizing environmental impact.
Global Environmental Benefits:
1. Reduced Landfill Waste: Proper recycling helps reduce the amount of electronic waste disposed of in landfills, preventing soil and groundwater contamination from hazardous chemicals.
2. Decreased Carbon Footprint: By reducing the need for raw material extraction and processing, recycling lithium-ion batteries contributes to lower carbon emissions, aligning with global efforts to combat climate change.

Himax Electronics: A Leader in Sustainable Battery Solutions

Himax Electronics is deeply committed to sustainability, integrating eco-friendly practices into every facet of their operations, from product design to end-of-life management.

Sustainable Manufacturing:
1. Green Manufacturing Practices: Himax adopts environmentally friendly manufacturing processes that reduce waste and energy consumption. This commitment extends to selecting suppliers who adhere to sustainable practices, ensuring that the environmental footprint of the entire supply chain is minimized.
2. Product Lifecycle Management: Himax designs products to be easily disassembled for recycling. This design philosophy not only facilitates recycling but also encourages the use of modular components that can be replaced or upgraded, extending the product’s usable life.
Community and Industry Engagement:
1. Educational Initiatives: Himax conducts workshops, seminars, and online campaigns to educate the public and industry stakeholders about the importance of battery recycling.
2. Partnerships for Impact: Collaborating with governments, NGOs, and other corporations, Himax helps develop and promote policies that support the recycling industry and encourage consumers to participate in recycling programs.

Conclusion: Driving Sustainable Innovation through Battery Recycling

Recycling lithium-ion batteries(LI-ION BATTERY) is more than an environmental imperative—it is a key to sustainable technological advancement. By properly disposing of these batteries, we mitigate environmental hazards, conserve valuable resources, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Himax Electronics leads by example, not only adhering to best practices in recycling but also actively promoting sustainable innovations and educating the public. Their commitment ensures that the lifecycle of every battery contributes positively to our ecosystem, paving the way for a cleaner, greener future. Embracing responsible recycling practices, supported by leaders like Himax, is crucial for achieving a sustainable balance between technology use and environmental conservation.

June 17, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

Who invented LI-ION BATTERY

The Pioneers Behind Lithium-Ion Battery Technology

Lithium-ion batteries are ubiquitous in our modern world, powering everything from mobile phones and laptops to electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. But who exactly invented this revolutionary technology? Understanding the origins of lithium-ion batteries not only sheds light on their importance but also helps us appreciate the groundbreaking work of the inventors and the ongoing innovations that continue to enhance this essential technology.

The Invention of Lithium-Ion Batteries

The development of lithium-ion batteries can be credited to multiple inventors and several key milestones:

Early Developments:
1. In the 1970s, British chemist Stanley Whittingham, while working for Exxon, first began exploring lithium batteries. He created a battery made from titanium disulfide and lithium metal. However, these early versions were too unstable and posed a risk of explosion when exposed to air.
John B. Goodenough’s Contribution:
1. In 1980, John B. Goodenough, an American physicist and professor at the University of Texas, invented a more stable lithium battery using lithium cobalt oxide as the cathode material. This development significantly improved the battery’s capacity and stability, making it safer and more practical.
Akira Yoshino’s Commercialization:
1. In 1985, Akira Yoshino of Japan assembled a prototype lithium-ion battery using lithium cobalt oxide as the cathode and petroleum coke as an anode. This version was capable of repeated charging and discharging, which was safer and more durable. Yoshino’s work is considered pivotal in advancing the battery toward commercialization.
Commercial Introduction and Patent:
1. Based on these developments, the first commercially viable lithium-ion battery was released by Sony and Asahi Kasei in 1991. This launch marked the beginning of lithium-ion battery integration into consumer electronics, heralding a new era of portable electronic devices.

Significance of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries revolutionized the world by providing safer, longer-lasting rechargeable batteries. Their high energy density, low maintenance requirements, and capability to handle numerous recharge cycles without significant degradation have made them integral to modern electronic devices and energy solutions.

Advancements by Himax Electronics

Himax Electronics has capitalized on the foundation laid by the inventors of lithium-ion technology to enhance the performance and safety features of these batteries:

Innovative Battery Management Systems:
1. Himax Electronics has developed sophisticated battery management systems that optimize charging processes and ensure longevity and safety. These systems monitor various parameters like temperature, voltage, and current, adjusting charging rates in real time to prevent overcharging and overheating.
Advancements in Materials and Efficiency:
1. Continuously innovating in the area of electrode materials and battery chemistry, Himax has contributed to increasing the energy density and efficiency of lithium-ion batteries. These advancements have facilitated the development of thinner, lighter batteries with faster charging capabilities and extended lifespans.
Commitment to Safety and Sustainability:
1. Understanding the origins and chemical nature of lithium-ion batteries, Himax invests heavily in research to mitigate the risks associated with battery technology. Their ongoing efforts to improve battery safety protocols and promote recycling technologies underscore their commitment to sustainability and consumer safety.

Absolutely, let’s continue exploring the current and future implications of lithium-ion battery technology and how ongoing innovations by companies like Himax Electronics are shaping the future of energy storage and consumption.

Future Directions in Lithium-Ion Battery Technology

As we move forward, the landscape of lithium-ion technology continues to evolve, driven by demands for higher efficiency, increased safety, and greater sustainability. The innovations spearheaded by pioneers in the field are being advanced further by companies like Himax Electronics, which are dedicated to pushing the boundaries of what these batteries can achieve.

Emerging Technologies and Innovations

Solid-State Batteries:
1. Next-Generation Materials: One of the most promising areas of development in lithium-ion technology is the shift toward solid-state batteries. These batteries replace the liquid electrolyte with a solid electrolyte, which can significantly enhance safety by removing flammable liquids from the battery’s architecture.
2. Improved Performance: Solid-state batteries are not only safer but also offer higher energy densities and the potential for faster charging speeds. Himax was conducting extensive research to overcome the current limitations and bring these batteries to market.
Enhanced Energy Density:
1. Advanced Cathode Materials: Continuing the work of John Goodenough, Himax is exploring new cathode materials that can store more lithium ions. This research is crucial for improving the energy density of batteries, which directly translates to longer battery life and smaller, lighter battery designs.
2. Anode Innovations: Beyond cathode improvements, Himax is also innovating in anode technology, including the use of silicon-based anodes, which have a much higher capacity for lithium compared to traditional graphite anodes.

Implications for Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles

As lithium-ion batteries become more capable and less prone to risks, their role in renewable energy systems and electric vehicles becomes increasingly significant:

Renewable Energy Storage:
1. Grid Storage Solutions: Lithium-ion batteries are pivotal in managing the intermittency of renewable energy sources like solar and wind. Himax Electronics is working on solutions that integrate their batteries with renewable energy systems to provide reliable power grid storage solutions.
2. Home Energy Systems: Innovations by Himax are also making it possible for homeowners to efficiently store solar energy during the day and use it at night, increasing the practicality and appeal of home solar installations.
Electric Vehicles (EVs):
1. Extended Range and Reliability: Himax’s improvements in battery technology are crucial for the EV market, where range anxiety remains a significant barrier. By increasing energy density and enhancing charge speeds, Himax is helping to extend the driving range of EVs and reduce charging times, making them more appealing to consumers.
2. Safety Innovations: As EV adoption grows, the importance of battery safety becomes even more critical. Himax’s ongoing focus on safety innovations helps mitigate risks associated with battery failures in EVs, enhancing consumer confidence in this growing market.

Conclusion: Pioneering a Safer, More Efficient Future

The journey of lithium-ion battery(LI-ION BATTERY) technology, from its invention to its current status as a cornerstone of modern portable power, is a testament to the ingenuity and persistence of scientists and engineers across generations. Himax Electronics continues this tradition of innovation, driving advancements that promise to make lithium-ion batteries safer, more efficient, and more integral to our energy future.

Through their commitment to research and development, Himax is not only enhancing the performance of these batteries but also ensuring they play a pivotal role in a sustainable future, powering everything from the smallest gadgets to the largest grid storage systems. As we look ahead, the efforts of Himax Electronics will undoubtedly continue to influence how energy is stored and used, ensuring that lithium-ion batteries remain at the forefront of technological advancement.

For more insights into battery technology or to learn about Himax Electronics’ range of products and solutions, feel free to visit their website or contact their technical support team.

June 17, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

Where to recycle li ion batteries

Proper Disposal and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries:

A Comprehensive Guide

Why Recycle Lithium-Ion Batteries?

Prevent Environmental Contamination: Keeping toxic materials out of landfills reduces soil and water pollution and protects wildlife.
Conserve Resources: Recycling recovers valuable materials from spent batteries, reducing the need to mine new materials and decreasing the environmental degradation associated with mining.
Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions: By recycling and reusing materials, we reduce the energy consumption and carbon emissions associated with producing new materials.

Where to Recolorle Lithium-Ion Batteries

Retail Drop-Offs:

Electronic Stores: Many electronics retailers offer battery recycling bins where consumers can drop off their used batteries at no cost. Stores like Best Buy, Staples, and others commonly provide this service.
Specialized Recycling Centers: Companies that specialize in electronic waste often have facilities that accept Li-ion batteries. These centers ensure that batteries are processed safely, and materials are recovered properly.

Municipal Collection Sites:

Hazardous Waste Collection: Many municipalities offer designated days or facilities for the collection of hazardous waste, including Li-ion batteries. These programs ensure that batteries are handled safely and in compliance with local environmental regulations.
Recycling Events: Look out for community recycling events, which often include services for battery disposal. These events are advertised through local government channels.

Mail-In Programs:

Manufacturer Take-Back: Some battery manufacturers and brands offer mail-in recycling programs. Check the website of your battery’s manufacturer for specific details on how to send in your used batteries for recycling.
Non-Profit Initiatives: Organizations like Call2Recycle offer mail-in options where consumers can send their batteries for recycling, often free of charge.

How to Prepare Batteries for Recycling

Safety Precautions:

Tape the Terminals: Prevent accidental sparks by taping over the battery terminals with electrical tape.
Avoid Damage: Do not crush, puncture, or otherwise damage the battery as this could lead to dangerous chemical reactions.

Proper Packaging:

Non-Conductive Materials: When mailing batteries, ensure they are packed in non-conductive materials to prevent any risk of short-circuiting.

Himax Electronics: Advancing Sustainable Practices

Himax Electronics not only complies with but actively promotes recycling and sustainable practices:

Eco-Friendly Products:

Design for Recyclability: Himax designs batteries and devices to be easily recyclable, reducing environmental impact and making it simpler for consumers to recycle.
Use of Recycled Materials: Himax is committed to using recycled materials in their new products wherever possible, promoting a circular economy.

Consumer Education:

Awareness Campaigns: Himax runs educational campaigns to inform consumers about the importance of battery recycling and how to do it safely.
Partnerships with Recycling Programs: Himax collaborates with recycling initiatives to ensure their products are disposed of responsibly at the end of their lifecycle.

The Global Impact of Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries

Enhancing Global Resource Efficiency

Critical Material Recovery:

Valuable Metals: Lithium-ion batteries contain precious metals such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Efficient recycling processes recover these materials, significantly reducing the need for new mining activities, which are energy-intensive and environmentally damaging.
Supply Chain Sustainability: By recovering and reusing materials, manufacturers can stabilize supply chains and reduce vulnerabilities associated with the geopolitical complexities of mining in conflict zones.

Technological Advancements in Recycling:

Improved Recycling Techniques: Innovations in recycling technology have made the process more efficient, allowing for higher recovery rates of valuable materials. These advancements include better sorting mechanisms, enhanced chemical extraction processes, and more effective purification methods.
Automation in Recycling: Automation technology has been integrated into the recycling process, increasing the throughput and safety of recycling operations. This technology ensures consistent quality in the recovered materials, making them suitable for reuse in new batteries.

Encouraging Responsible Consumption and Production

Circular Economy Model:

From Linear to Circular: The traditional linear economy—take, make, dispose—is gradually being replaced by a circular economy model. In this model, products and materials are recycled and reused to create a closed-loop system, minimizing waste.
Lifecycle Extension: Through recycling, the lifecycle of the materials used in lithium-ion batteries is extended, maximizing their utility and minimizing environmental impact.

Global Environmental Benefits:

Reduced Landfill Waste: Proper recycling helps reduce the amount of electronic waste disposed of in landfills, preventing soil and groundwater contamination from hazardous chemicals.
Decreased Carbon Footprint: By reducing the need for raw material extraction and processing, recycling lithium-ion batteries contributes to lower carbon emissions, aligning with global efforts to combat climate change.

Himax Electronics: A Leader in Sustainable Battery Solutions

Himax Electronics is deeply committed to sustainability, integrating eco-friendly practices into every facet of their operations, from product design to end-of-life management.

Sustainable Manufacturing:

Green Manufacturing Practices: Himax adopts environmentally friendly manufacturing processes that reduce waste and energy consumption. This commitment extends to selecting suppliers who adhere to sustainable practices, ensuring that the environmental footprint of the entire supply chain is minimized.
Product Lifecycle Management: Himax designs products to be easily disassembled for recycling. This design philosophy not only facilitates recycling but also encourages the use of modular components that can be replaced or upgraded, extending the product’s usable life.

Community and Industry Engagement:

Educational Initiatives: Himax conducts workshops, seminars, and online campaigns to educate the public and industry stakeholders about the importance of battery recycling.
Partnerships for Impact: Collaborating with governments, NGOs, and other corporations, Himax helps develop and promote policies that support the recycling industry and encourage consumers to participate in recycling programs.

Conclusion: Driving Sustainable Innovation through Battery Recycling

Recycling lithium-ion batteries is more than an environmental imperative—it is a key to sustainable technological advancement. By properly disposing of these batteries, we mitigate environmental hazards, conserve valuable resources, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Himax Electronics leads by example, not only adhering to best practices in recycling but also actively promoting sustainable innovations and educating the public. Their commitment ensures that the lifecycle of every battery contributes positively to our ecosystem, paving the way for a cleaner, greener future. Embracing responsible recycling practices, supported by leaders like Himax, is crucial for achieving a sustainable balance between technology use and environmental conservation.

June 17, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

Stable high-energy density lithium-ion batteries could lead to fast charging electric vehicles

A research team has developed a core technology to ensure the charging/discharging stability and long-life of lithium-ion batteries under fast-charging conditions. Their findings were published in Advanced Functional Materials.

A crucial prerequisite for the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is the enhancement of lithium-ion battery performance in terms of driving range and safety. Fast charging is also essential for user convenience. However, increasing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries necessitates thicker electrodes, which can lead to battery degradation and performance deterioration during rapid charging.

To address this issue, the KERI team discovered a solution by partially coating the surface of the anode of the lithium-ion battery with aluminum oxide (Al2O3) particles smaller than 1 micrometer. While many researchers worldwide have concentrated on the materials within the electrode, such as introducing functional nanotechnology into anode materials like graphite, Dr. Choi’s team employed a straightforward processing technique to coat the electrode’s surface with aluminum oxide.

Low in cost, excellent in electrical insulation and heat resistance, chemically stable, and possessing good mechanical properties, aluminum oxide is widely used in various ceramics.

The KERI researchers found that aluminum oxide particles effectively control the interface between the anode and the electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries, forming an interfacial highway for efficient Li+ transport. This prevents the electrodeposition of lithium (an irreversible change that makes the lithium unavailable for additional charging and discharging) during fast charging, thereby ensuring the stability and lifespan of the lithium-ion battery during charging and discharging.

Another advantage of this technology is that it enables an increase in the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. Introducing other functional materials into the electrode’s interior to improve performance and stability often complicates the synthesis process and reduces the amount of reversible lithium (initial coulombic efficiency). It also increases the electrode thickness, leading to performance deterioration under fast charging conditions.

However, the KERI technology involves surface treatment of the graphite anode, rather than modifying the interior active graphite materials. This approach achieves stable performance even under fast charging conditions for high-energy-density thick-film electrodes without a loss in the amount of reversible lithium.

Through various tests, the team confirmed that the high-energy-density anode coated with aluminum oxide (4.4 mAh/cm2) exhibits world-class performance, maintaining more than 83.4% of its capacity (residual capacity ratio) even after 500 cycles of rapid charging. They have verified this performance with pouch cells of up to 500mAh. The team is now planning to scale up the technology to make it applicable to large-area, medium- to large-capacity cells.

The research team was led by Dr. Choi Jeong Hee at the Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Battery Materials and Process Research Center, in cooperation with a Hanyang University team mentored by Professor Lee Jong-Won and a Kyunghee University team mentored by Professor Park Min-Sik.

“Convenient fast charging and the energy density of lithium-ion batteries have long been considered a trade-off, which has hindered the widespread adoption of electric vehicles,” said Dr. Choi. “Our work will help develop stable, high-energy-density lithium batteries capable of fast charging. This advancement will contribute to the wider adoption of EVs and support the achievement of national carbon neutrality.”

Patents have been registered in both Korea and the United States.

More information: Jeong‐Hee Choi et al, Multi‐Interface Strategy for Electrode Tailoring Toward Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries, Advanced Functional Materials (2024). DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202400414

Journal information: Advanced Functional Materials

June 14, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

How do you charge a li ion battery

How to Charge a Li Ion Battery: Best Practices and Safety Tips

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are a cornerstone of modern portable electronics, powering everything from smartphones to laptops and electric vehicles. Known for their high energy density and long service life, these batteries require proper handling to ensure safety and maximize battery life. Here’s a detailed guide on how to charge Li-ion batteries effectively and safely.

Understanding Li Ion Battery Charging

Basics of Lithium-Ion Batteries:

Chemistry and Charging: Li-ion batteries store energy through the movement of lithium ions from the positive electrode (cathode) to the negative electrode (anode) during discharge and back when charging. Charging a Li-ion battery involves applying an external electric current to reverse the natural discharge process.

Charging Phases:

Phase 1 – Constant Current (CC): The battery is charged at a constant current until it reaches its peak voltage, typically around 4.2 volts per cell.
Phase 2 – Constant Voltage (CV): Once the peak voltage is reached, the charging voltage is held constant while the current gradually decreases until it’s sufficiently low, indicating that the battery is fully charged.

Proper Charging Techniques

Using the Right Charger:

OEM Chargers: Always use the charger that comes with your device or one that the manufacturer recommends. These chargers are specifically designed to match the electrical requirements of the battery, ensuring safe and efficient charging.
Avoid Cheap Alternatives: Low-quality chargers may not regulate voltage and current appropriately, which can lead to overcharging, significantly reducing battery life and increasing the risk of overheating or explosion.

Optimal Charging Conditions:

Ambient Temperature: Charge Li-ion batteries at room temperature. Extreme temperatures can affect battery performance and safety, with hot conditions increasing the risk of thermal runaway.
Partial Charging: Unlike nickel-based batteries, Li-ion batteries do not have a charge memory, so frequent full discharges are not necessary and can actually be detrimental. It’s better to charge the battery partially and frequently.

Safety Tips and Maintenance

Monitoring During Charging:

Avoid Overnight Charging: Even though most modern chargers stop charging when the battery is full, it’s safer not to leave batteries charging unattended for extended periods, especially overnight.
Physical Inspection: Regularly inspect the battery for any signs of damage, such as swelling, heat, or leakage. If any of these signs are present, stop using the battery and replace it.

Long-Term Health of the Battery:

Storage: If you need to store your Li-ion battery for an extended period, do so at a 40-50% charge level. Storing a battery either fully charged or fully discharged can speed up its degradation.
Calibration: While not necessary every charge cycle, periodically letting the battery discharge to around 20% then charging it fully can help calibrate battery gauge sensors.

Himax Electronics: Enhancing Battery Charging Safety and Efficiency

Himax Electronics is dedicated to improving the safety and longevity of Li-ion batteries through innovative technologies and smart solutions:

Advanced Battery Management Systems:

Himax BMS technologies ensure optimal charging by precisely managing the amount of current and voltage delivered to the battery throughout the charging cycle. This not only protects the battery from overcharging but also optimizes its overall health and efficiency.

Cutting-Edge Charger Designs:

Himax develops chargers that adapt to the needs of Li-ion batteries, incorporating features such as temperature control, voltage regulation, and smart cutoff systems. This proactive approach ensures that the batteries are charged in the safest way possible, enhancing user safety and battery longevity.

Advanced Charging Technologies and Battery Care with Himax Electronics

Himax Electronics is not only at the forefront of battery management systems but also pioneers in the development of advanced charging technologies that enhance both safety and efficiency. Let’s delve deeper into their contributions and provide additional maintenance tips to ensure the optimal performance of lithium-ion batteries.

Innovative Charging Solutions by Himax Electronics

Himax Electronics has developed several key technologies that make charging lithium-ion batteries safer and more efficient:

Smart Charging Algorithms:

Adaptive Charging: Himax chargers use algorithms that adapt the charging rate based on the battery’s current capacity, its temperature, and its age. This adaptive charging helps maximize battery life by avoiding stress while still ensuring efficient charging times.
Pulse Charging: This technique involves charging the battery in short bursts, which can help reduce heat build-up and minimize the risk of damaging the battery, thereby extending its overall lifespan.

Integrated Safety Features:

Multi-Level Protection: Himax’s charging devices come equipped with several layers of protection, including over-voltage, over-current, and over-temperature protection. These safety features ensure that the battery remains within safe operating parameters, drastically reducing the risk of accidents.
Automatic Cut-Off: Himax chargers are designed to automatically cut off the power once the battery is fully charged. This prevents overcharging, which is one of the key contributors to lithium-ion battery degradation and potential failure.

Maintaining Your Li Ion Battery

Proper maintenance of lithium-ion batteries can significantly extend their operational life and maintain their performance. Here are additional tips:

Regular Cleaning:

Battery and Device Contacts: Keep the battery contacts and the contacts on the device clean. Accumulated dirt or debris can cause poor connection and increased resistance, leading to potential overheating.
Use a Dry Cloth: Clean the contacts gently with a dry cloth. Avoid using any liquids or abrasive materials that could damage the contacts or the battery casing.

Avoid Extreme Discharging:

Keep Charge Levels Optimal: Frequently allowing your battery to discharge completely can shorten its lifespan. Try to keep the battery charged between 20% to 80% to optimize its lifespan and maintain good health.

Use Quality Accessories:

Certified Accessories Only: Always use accessories that are certified by the device manufacturer. Non-certified accessories might not match the specific power requirements of your battery, potentially leading to damage.

Software Updates:

Device Updates: Keep your electronic devices updated. Manufacturers often release software updates that optimize battery usage and improve charging strategies based on the latest research and feedback.

Conclusion: Charging Forward with Himax Electronics

Himax Electronics continues to lead the way in lithium-ion battery technology, providing solutions that enhance the safety, efficiency, and longevity of batteries across various applications. By integrating advanced charging technologies and robust safety features, Himax is helping to shape a future where battery reliability and performance meet the demands of an increasingly energy-dependent world.

Whether for consumer electronics, automotive applications, or industrial uses, embracing the best practices for charging and maintenance as recommended by leaders like Himax ensures that your lithium-ion batteries deliver optimal performance throughout their service life. For more information about battery care or to explore Himax’s range of innovative products, visit their website or contact their support team.

June 14, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

Why Can Lithium-Ion Batteries Explode? Detailed Examination of Underlying Causes

Introduce

Lithium-ion batteries power a vast array of devices and are celebrated for their high energy output and rechargeability. However, their capability to store a large amount of energy in a small space also brings significant risks, particularly the risk of explosions, which, while rare, can have severe consequences.

Thermal Runaway Explanation:
1. Chemical and Physical Causes: Thermal runaway is primarily a result of chemical reactions that generate excessive heat; this can be triggered by several factors. When the internal temperature of a lithium-ion battery rises to a point where the heat can no longer efficiently dissipate, it can cause the electrolyte and other battery materials to decompose and generate more heat. This runaway reaction is self-sustaining and accelerates once it begins.
2. Cascading Failures Leading to Explosions: In thermal runaway, the breakdown of electrolytes releases gases that increase internal pressure. If the battery casing ruptures, it may expose the highly reactive lithium to oxygen, resulting in a fire or explosion.
Internal Short Circuits:
1. Mechanical Damage and Manufacturing Defects: Internal shorts are often caused by physical damage, such as dropping the device, or by flaws in the battery’s construction, such as poorly aligned electrodes or inadequate separator thickness. These defects can create conditions where the positive and negative electrodes contact directly, causing a short circuit.
2. Effect on Battery Stability: Short circuits can rapidly increase internal temperature and pressure, overwhelming the battery’s built-in safety mechanisms and leading to a breach of the cell casing.
Overcharging Risks:
1. Charger Compatibility and Regulation: Using non-standard or incompatible chargers can lead to overcharging by failing to properly regulate the voltage and current flowing into the battery. Overcharging a lithium-ion battery can cause lithium metal plating on the anode, creating dendrites that can pierce the separator and create a short circuit.
2. Battery Management System’s Role: A sophisticated battery management system (BMS) ensures that each cell within a battery pack is charged correctly and prevents cells from overcharging—a critical safeguard against thermal runaway and explosions.
Flammable Electrolytes:
1. Composition and Combustibility: The electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries typically consist of organic carbonates, which are flammable. Their role is to facilitate ionic movement between the electrodes, but when compromised, they pose a significant fire risk.
2. Initiation and Propagation of Fire: If the battery casing is compromised and the flammable electrolyte is exposed to air or a spark, it can ignite. Moreover, once one cell catches fire, the heat can propagate to adjacent cells, escalating to a full battery pack explosion.

Preventive Measures to Mitigate Explosion Risks in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Ensuring the safety of lithium-ion batteries involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating advanced technology, rigorous testing, and user education. Here’s a detailed look at these preventive measures:

Design and Manufacturing Enhancements

Advanced Battery Design:
1. Improved Separator Technology: One of the critical components in the safety of lithium-ion batteries is the separator, which keeps the anode and cathode from directly contacting each other. Himax Electronics uses advanced materials that not only improve the thermal stability of the separators but also enhance their mechanical strength to prevent rupture under stress.
2. Robust Electrode Architecture: Himax designs electrodes with enhanced structural integrity to minimize the risk of damage that can lead to internal shorts. This includes the use of coatings and additives that improve the electrical stability of the electrodes and reduce the formation of dendrites during charging.
Quality Control Protocols:
1. Stringent Manufacturing Standards: Himax maintains rigorous quality control measures throughout the manufacturing process. This includes the use of automated precision equipment that minimizes human error and ensures that each battery component meets exact specifications.
2. Regular Testing and Inspection: Each battery batch undergoes extensive testing, including X-ray inspection, electrical tests, and stress tests, to detect any defects that could compromise safety before the products reach consumers.

Battery Management Systems (BMS) and Charging Regulations

Sophisticated BMS Features:
1. Real-Time Monitoring and Control: Himax’s advanced BMS continuously monitors the battery’s voltage, current, and temperature. It can make instantaneous adjustments to the charging process and operational conditions, preventing conditions that lead to overheating or overcharging.
2. Predictive Maintenance Capabilities: Leveraging artificial intelligence, Himax’s BMS can predict potential failures based on historical data and real-time performance, allowing for preemptive maintenance actions to be taken before hazardous conditions develop.
Safe Charging Practices:
1. Charger Compatibility and Certification: Himax ensures that all chargers provided with their devices are specifically designed to match the battery’s charging requirements, reducing the risk of overcharging. All chargers comply with international safety standards and are thoroughly tested for reliability and safety.
2. Consumer Education on Charging Safety: Himax actively educates customers on the importance of using appropriate chargers and adhering to recommended charging practices. This includes clear guidelines on how to care for the battery to maximize lifespan and maintain safety.

Himax Electronics: Pioneering Safer Battery Technologies

Himax Electronics is not only implementing these safety measures but is also at the forefront of innovating new technologies that enhance battery safety further.

Innovative Research and Development:
1. Solid-State Battery Technology: Himax is investing in the research and development of solid-state batteries, which promise even greater safety by replacing flammable liquid electrolytes with non-flammable solid materials. These batteries are less susceptible to leaks and thermal runaway, providing a safer alternative to traditional lithium-ion technology.
2. Thermal Management Innovations: Advanced cooling solutions are being developed to more effectively dissipate heat during battery operation and charging, further reducing the risk of overheating.
Global Safety Initiatives and Compliance:
1. Leadership in Safety Standards: Himax not only follows but helps to set international safety standards for battery manufacturing and use. They actively participate in global forums and regulatory bodies to share their knowledge and advocate for higher safety protocols across the industry.
2. Collaborations with Safety Organizations: Through partnerships with safety and environmental organizations, Himax contributes to the ongoing development of safer battery recycling and disposal methods, ensuring that their commitment to safety extends throughout the battery lifecycle.

Conclusion: Elevating Safety in Lithium-Ion Battery Technology with Himax Electronics

As the demand for more powerful and efficient batteries continues to grow, so does the need for enhanced safety measures. Despite its vast benefits, LI-ION BATTERY comes with inherent risks that must be carefully managed. The potential for thermal runaway and explosions, while rare, underscores the importance of continuous innovation in battery technology and safety protocols.

Himax Electronics stands at the forefront of this critical field, not only adhering to established safety standards but actively driving new developments that set the bar higher across the entire industry. Through rigorous testing, advanced battery management systems, and cutting-edge research into safer materials and designs, Himax is shaping a future where battery-related hazards are significantly mitigated.

June 13, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

How to dispose of li ion batteries

In-Depth Exploration of Lithium-Ion Battery Disposal Understanding Lithium-Ion Batteries and Their Environmental Impact

Lithium-ion batteries, ubiquitous in modern electronic devices, vehicles, and energy storage solutions, pose significant environmental and health risks if not managed properly at the end of their life. This section explains the material composition of these batteries and the potential hazards associated with their disposal.

Detailed Composition and Hazards:

Material Content: Lithium-ion batteries are complex assemblies containing hazardous materials that require careful handling. Key components include lithium salts used in the electrolyte, various metals such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese in the cathode, and copper and aluminum in the current collectors. Each of these materials has specific environmental and health risks associated with it if released into the environment.
Environmental Risks: When improperly disposed of, the heavy metals and chemicals in lithium-ion batteries can leach into the soil and groundwater, leading to contamination that can harm wildlife and human health. For instance, cobalt, while essential for the battery’s stability and energy density, is toxic to the lungs and skin upon prolonged exposure and can cause environmental damage if it enters water systems.

The Complexity of Recycling:

Recycling Challenges: The diversity of materials within lithium-ion batteries complicates recycling processes. Efficient separation of these materials is crucial for effective recycling but is often hindered by the battery’s design and the economic viability of the recycling processes. Advanced recycling technologies can recover many of the valuable materials from spent batteries, but these processes are costly and require significant technological investment.
Improving Recycling Outcomes: Advances in mechanical and chemical recycling processes have made it possible to recover more materials at higher purities. These improvements not only enhance the economic feasibility of recycling but also reduce the environmental impact by diverting hazardous materials from landfills and reducing the need for virgin material extraction.

Steps for Proper Disposal of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Proper disposal involves a series of steps each designed to minimize environmental impact and maximize safety. Here’s how to approach it responsibly:

Preparation for Recycling:

Discharge Safely: Reducing the charge to about 50% can decrease the risk of thermal events during handling and transport. This step should be done in a controlled environment using appropriate equipment to monitor and manage the discharge process.
Physical Handling: Ensure that batteries are physically intact, with no visible signs of damage such as swelling or leakage. Damaged batteries require special handling procedures to prevent risks of fire or toxic exposure.

Locating Recycling Facilities:

Specialized Recyclers: Identify recycling facilities that are equipped to handle lithium-ion batteries. These facilities have the necessary technology to process the complex chemistries and recover valuable materials safely.
Certification Standards: Ensure that the chosen recycling facility complies with local and international standards for environmental protection and worker safety, such as R2 (Responsible Recycling) or e-Stewards certification.

Transportation and Regulatory Compliance:

Regulations: Adhere to local, national, and international regulations regarding the transport of hazardous materials. This includes proper documentation, packaging, and labeling of lithium-ion batteries to ensure safe transit.
Logistical Considerations: Work with logistics providers who specialize in hazardous materials to ensure that batteries are transported in compliance with legal and safety standards.

Himax Electronics’ Role in Promoting Safe Battery Disposal

Himax Electronics is deeply committed to responsible environmental practices, which is reflected in their approach to the design, use, and disposal of batteries.

Eco-Friendly Design and Manufacturing:

Sustainability Initiatives: Himax designs batteries with the end-of-life in mind, incorporating features that simplify disassembly and recycling. This includes using fewer toxic materials and designing for easier separation of components.
Reduction of Hazardous Substances: Himax adheres to global standards like RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances), which limits the use of toxic elements in electronic products.

Consumer Education and Recycling Support:

Awareness Campaigns: Himax conducts campaigns to educate consumers about the importance of recycling and provides information on how to do so responsibly. They offer guidelines on their website and through product manuals that detail the steps users should take to dispose of batteries safely.
Partnerships with Recycling Centers: Himax collaborates with certified recycling centers to ensure that customers have convenient and safe options for disposing of their spent batteries.

Conclusion

The disposal and recycling of lithium-ion batteries require a collaborative effort from manufacturers, consumers, and recyclers. By understanding and participating in proper disposal practices, consumers can contribute significantly to environmental sustainability. Himax Electronics remains at the forefront of this initiative, continuously improving its products and practices to support global recycling efforts.

June 13, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

What is li ion battery

Introduction to Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries are more than just a power source; they are a transformative technology that has revolutionized energy storage across many sectors. From powering the smallest consumer electronics to driving the biggest electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries have become synonymous with efficiency and reliability.

Historical Context:

Development: The development of lithium-ion batteries began in the 1970s, with the first non-rechargeable lithium batteries. The rechargeable versions were commercially introduced by Sony in 1991, after which they rapidly began to replace older nickel-cadmium batteries, due to their superior characteristics.
Innovation and Improvement: Over the decades, continuous improvements in cathode materials and electrolyte solutions have significantly increased the energy density, cycle life, and safety of these batteries.

Fundamental Properties:

Chemistry and Composition: At their core, lithium-ion batteries consist of three main components: a lithium-based cathode, a carbon anode, and an electrolyte. The choice of materials for the cathode and anode and the quality of the electrolyte play critical roles in defining the battery’s performance, temperature range, and safety.
Energy Storage Mechanism: These batteries store energy through the movement of lithium ions between the cathode and anode during charge and discharge cycles. This ionic movement is facilitated by the electrolyte, which supports ionic conductivity while insulating electrical contacts to prevent short circuits.

Detailed Working of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Understanding the electrochemical reaction that powers lithium-ion batteries provides insights into their efficiency and capabilities:

During Discharge:
1. The Movement of Ions: When the battery discharges, lithium ions move from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte while electrons flow through the external circuit to power the device.
2. Energy Release: The movement of electrons from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit releases energy, which is harnessed to power electronic devices.
During Charging:
1. Ion Migration: During charging, an external electrical power source forces electrons to move back to the anode, pushing lithium ions back through the electrolyte from the cathode to the anode.
2. Energy Storage: This movement recharges the battery by restoring the lithium ions to their original position in the anode, readying the battery for another discharge cycle.

Charging Dynamics:

Rate of Charging: The rate at which a lithium-ion battery can be charged is dependent on the speed at which the lithium ions can safely migrate from the cathode to the anode without causing undue stress or heat, which could degrade the battery’s materials.
Thermal Management: Proper thermal management during charging is crucial to maintaining battery integrity and longevity. Excessive heat during charging can lead to thermal runaway, which can damage the battery or, in extreme cases, cause it to catch fire or explode.

Applications of Lithium-Ion Batteries

The versatility of lithium-ion batteries can be seen in their wide range of applications, each benefiting from different aspects of the technology:

Consumer Electronics:
1. Devices Powered: Smartphones, laptops, tablets, and portable power tools all rely on lithium-ion batteries for their energy needs.
2. Benefits Utilized: The high energy density and ability to scale down in size make lithium-ion batteries ideal for portable devices.
Electric Vehicles (EVs):
1. Role in EVs: Lithium-ion batteries are critical for the propulsion of electric vehicles. They provide the high energy necessary to power electric motors and manage the extensive range of requirements.
2. Innovation in EVs: The push for more efficient and longer-lasting batteries has led to innovations in lithium-ion technology, particularly in increasing the range and reducing the charging time.
RenXtorage for Renewable Energy:
1. Integration with Renewable Sources: Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly used to store energy from renewable sources such as solar and wind, allowing for the stabilization of power supply and improving grid reliability.
2. Grid Storage and Backup: These batteries provide essential backup and load-leveling capabilities, ensuring a consistent energy supply despite the intermittent nature of renewable sources.

Safety Concerns with Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries, while efficient and powerful, pose certain safety risks if not properly managed. Understanding these risks and implementing safety measures are crucial for maintaining battery health and ensuring user safety.

Thermal Runaway:
1. Cause: Thermal runaway occurs when a battery overheats, leading to a self-sustaining chain reaction that can result in fires or explosions. This can be triggered by overcharging, physical damage, or manufacturing defects.
2. Prevention: To prevent thermal runaway, it’s important to use a battery management system (BMS) that monitors the battery’s temperature, voltage, and current, and interrupts the power if critical values are exceeded.
Electrolyte Leakage:
1. Risks: Some lithium-ion batteries use liquid electrolytes that, if leaked, can cause corrosion or short circuits, potentially leading to fire hazards.
2. Management: Using batteries with robust casing and built-in safety vents can help prevent leaks and contain any potential issues within the battery itself.

Best Practices for Maintaining Lithium-Ion Batteries

Proper maintenance of lithium-ion batteries not only enhances their performance but also extends their lifespan and reduces safety risks.

Regular Monitoring:
1. Voltage and Current Checks: Regularly monitor the voltage and current during charging and discharging to ensure they remain within safe limits. Avoid complete discharges and overcharges as they stress the battery.
2. Temperature Monitoring: Keep the battery at room temperature. Avoid exposure to high temperatures to prevent overheating and potential thermal runaway.
Routine Inspections:
1. Visual Inspections: Regularly inspect the battery for signs of swelling, overheating, or damage to the battery case. These signs can indicate internal problems that could lead to failure.
2. Cleaning Contacts: Keep battery contacts clean and free from debris to ensure good electrical connection and prevent power inefficiencies.
Proper Storage:
1. Charge Level for Storage: Store lithium-ion batteries at a 50% charge level if not in use for an extended period. This minimizes the stress on the battery during storage.
2. Cool and Dry Environment: Store batteries in a cool and dry place. High moisture levels can lead to corrosion and other issues.

Himax Electronics’ Role in Advancing Lithium-Ion Battery Technology

Himax Electronics is at the forefront of developing technologies that enhance the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries.

Innovative Battery Management Systems:
1. Smart BMS Solutions: Himax offers sophisticated BMS solutions that intelligently monitor and manage the state of charge, state of health, and overall battery performance, ensuring optimal safety and extending the battery’s lifespan.
2. Integration Capabilities: These systems integrate seamlessly with existing battery technologies, providing real-time data and control options to prevent unsafe operating conditions.
Advanced Charging Technologies:
1. Smart Chargers: Himax provides chargers that adapt their output based on the battery’s current state and ambient conditions, preventing overcharging and overheating, thus maintaining battery integrity and safety.
2. Efficiency Enhancements: These chargers are designed to maximize charging efficiency, reducing the time needed to charge and minimizing the energy lost as heat, which can degrade battery components over time.
Customer Support and Education:
1. Comprehensive Support: Himax offers extensive customer support, from troubleshooting assistance to detailed guidance on battery maintenance and safety.
2. Educational Resources: Himax provides clients with educational materials that help them understand how to best use and maintain their lithium-ion batteries, contributing to safer and more efficient operations.

Conclusion

The proper use, regular maintenance, and understanding of lithium-ion batteries are critical to maximizing their benefits while ensuring safety. Himax Electronics enhances this realm with cutting-edge technologies and dedicated support, pushing forward the boundaries of what lithium-ion batteries can achieve. With Himax, users not only receive products but also gain a partner committed to their safety and success in using advanced energy solutions.

June 12, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

How to discharge the Lipo battery

How to Safely Discharge a LiPo Battery: A Comprehensive Guide

Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries are popular in many high-demand electronics due to their lightweight, high energy density, and flexibility in shape and size. Properly discharging these batteries is crucial for safety, longevity, and performance. This article provides a detailed guide on safely discharging LiPo batteries, ensuring optimal use, and extending their lifecycle.

Understanding LiPo Batteries

Before discharging a LiPo battery, it is important to understand its composition and how it differs from other battery types:

Energy Density: LiPo batteries offer high energy density, which means they can store more energy than other batteries of the same size, making them ideal for performance-critical applications.
Voltage Sensitivity: They require careful handling due to their sensitivity to over-discharge and overcharge, which can lead to dangerous situations, including fires.

Reasons for Discharging LiPo Batteries

Discharging LiPo batteries is not just about reducing their charge. It serves several important purposes:

Storage: LiPo batteries should not be stored fully charged. The ideal storage voltage for a LiPo battery is around 3.85 volts per cell.
Calibration: Regular discharging helps calibrate battery management systems, ensuring more accurate readings of capacity and voltage.
Safety: By discharging to safe levels, the risk of chemical degradation and fire is significantly reduced, especially during periods of non-use.

Equipment Needed for Safe Discharge

LiPo Discharger: A device designed to discharge LiPo batteries at controlled rates.
Voltage Checker: Essential for monitoring the voltage of each cell in the battery to prevent over-discharge.
Fireproof Charging Bag or Container: Provides an added layer of safety to contain any potential failures.

Step-by-Step Guide to Discharging

Preparation:
1. Set up in a well-ventilated area, free from flammable materials.
2. Ensure the battery is at room temperature and not physically damaged.
Set Up Discharge Equipment:
1. Place the LiPo battery inside a fireproof bag.
2. Connect the battery to the discharger, ensuring the balance leads are also connected if available.
Configure the Discharger:
1. Set the discharger to the correct voltage cut-off, usually 3.0 to 3.3 volts per cell.
2. Adjust the discharge rate according to the battery’s specifications, typically not exceeding 1C (the battery’s capacity rate).
Monitor the Discharge Process:
1. Regularly check the cell voltages using the voltage checker.
2. Watch for any signs of battery distress, such as swelling or excessive heat.
Post-Discharge Care:
1. Once the battery reaches the target voltage, disconnect it from the discharger.
2. Store the battery in a cool, dry place, ideally in a fireproof container.

Safety Tips

Never leave the discharging battery unattended.
Regularly inspect the battery for signs of wear or damage.
Always use high-quality and compatible discharging equipment.

Choosing Himax Electronics

Opting for Himax Electronics provides numerous benefits when dealing with LiPo batteries:

Quality Products: Himax Electronics offers high-quality, thoroughly tested LiPo batteries and discharging equipment designed to meet rigorous safety standards.
Expert Advice: Our team of experts can provide detailed guidance on how to safely manage your LiPo battery needs, from charging to discharging and storage.
Customer Support: We are committed to providing excellent customer service and ensuring you have access to support whenever needed.

Conclusion

Properly discharging your LiPo batteries is essential for maintaining their health and ensuring safe operation. You can effectively manage your batteries’ lifecycle by following the detailed steps and precautions outlined in this guide. For all your LiPo battery needs, consider Himax Electronics, where you’ll find a combination of quality, reliability, and expert support designed to help you get the most out of your battery investments.

June 3, 2024

Li-Ion Battery, News

Iron could be key to less expensive greener lithium-ion batteries, research finds

A green battery revolution

What if a common element, rather than scarce expensive ones, was a key component in electric car batteries? A collaboration co-led by an Oregon State University chemistry researcher is hoping to spark a green battery revolution by showing that iron instead of cobalt and nickel can be used as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries.

Multiple reasons of the important findings

The findings, published in Science Advances, are important for multiple reasons, Oregon State’s Xiulei “David” Ji notes.

“We’ve transformed the reactivity of iron metal, the cheapest metal commodity,” he said. “Our electrode can offer a higher energy density than the state-of-the-art cathode materials in electric vehicles. And since we use iron, whose cost can be less than a dollar per kilogram—a small fraction of nickel and cobalt, which are indispensable in current high-energy lithium-ion batteries—the cost of our batteries is potentially much lower.”

At present, the cathode represents 50% of the cost in making a lithium-ion battery cell, Ji said. Beyond economics, iron-based cathodes would allow for greater safety and sustainability, he added.

As more and more lithium-ion batteries are manufactured to electrify the transportation sector, global demand for nickel and cobalt has soared. Ji points out that in a matter of a couple of decades, predicted shortages in nickel and cobalt will put the brakes on battery production as it’s currently done.

In addition, those elements’ energy density is already being extended to its ceiling level—if it were pushed further, oxygen released during charging could cause batteries to ignite—plus cobalt is toxic, meaning it can contaminate ecosystems and water sources if it leaches out of landfills.

Put it all together, Ji said, and it’s easy to understand the global quest for new, more sustainable battery chemistries.

The basic work way and basic components of batteries

A battery stores power in the form of chemical energy and through reactions converts it to the electrical energy needed to power vehicles as well as cellphones, laptops and many other devices and machines. There are multiple types of batteries, but most of them work the same basic way and contain the same basic components.

A battery consists of two electrodes—the anode and cathode, typically made of different materials—as well as a separator and electrolyte, a chemical medium that allows for the flow of electrical charge. During battery discharge, electrons flow from the anode into an external circuit and then collect at the cathode.

In a lithium-ion battery, as its name suggests, a charge is carried via lithium ions as they move through the electrolyte from the anode to the cathode during discharge, and back again during recharging.

Effective utilization of resources

“Our iron-based cathode will not be limited by a shortage of resources,” said Ji, explaining that iron, in addition to being the most common element on Earth as measured by mass, is the fourth-most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. “We will not run out of iron ’til the sun turns into a red giant.”

Ji and collaborators from multiple universities and national laboratories increased the reactivity of iron in their cathode by designing a chemical environment based on a blend of fluorine and phosphate anions—ions that are negatively charged.

The blend, thoroughly mixed as a solid solution, allows for the reversible conversion—meaning the battery can be recharged—of a fine mixture of iron powder, lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate into iron salts.

“We’ve demonstrated that the materials design with anions can break the ceiling of energy density for batteries that are more sustainable and cost less,” Ji said.

“We’re not using some more expensive salt in conjunction with iron—just those the battery industry has been using and then iron powder. To put this new cathode in applications, one needs to change nothing else—no new anodes, no new production lines, no new design of the battery. We are just replacing one thing, the cathode.”

Storage efficiency still needs to be improved, Ji said. Right now, not all of the electricity put into the battery during charging is available for use upon discharge. When those improvements are made, and Ji expects they will be, the result will be a battery that works much better than ones currently in use while costing less and being greener.

“If there is investment in this technology, it shouldn’t take long for it to be commercially available,” Ji said. “We need the visionaries of the industry to allocate resources to this emerging field. The world can have a cathode industry based on a metal that’s almost free compared to cobalt and nickel. And while you have to work really hard to recycle cobalt and nickel, you don’t even have to recycle iron—it just turns into rust if you let it go.”

Contribution of the research

The research was co-led by Tongchao Liu of Argonne National Laboratory and included Oregon State’s Mingliang Yu, Min Soo Jung and Sean Sandstrom.

Scientists from Vanderbilt University, Stanford University, the University of Maryland, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory also contributed.

More information: Mingliang Yu et al, Unlocking Iron Metal as a Cathode for Sustainable Li-ion Batteries by an Anion Solid-Solution, Science Advances (2024). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn4441. www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adn4441

Journal information: Science Advances

June 3, 2024